1.华兹华斯的《露西》诗歌的思想特征和艺术手法
华兹华斯的小诗清新，长诗清新而又深刻，一反新古典主义平板，典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活波的浪漫主义诗风。他的十四行诗雄奇，他的《序曲》（1805）首创用韵文来写自传式的“一个诗人的心灵的成长”，无论在内容和艺术上都开了一代新风。华兹华斯关于自然的诗歌优美动人，他的这类诗歌的一个突出特点就是–寓情于境，情景交融.这种风格的体现是作者通过对诗歌的题材、诗歌所用的语言以及对诗歌所用的格律、诗体和作者对诗歌词汇的选择体现出来的.
华兹华斯的诗以描写自然风光、田园景色、乡民村姑、少男少女闻名于世。文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，一反新古典主义平板、典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风。1798年华兹华斯与柯尔律治共同发表的《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。华兹华斯在1800年《抒情歌谣集》第二版的序言中详细阐述了浪漫主义新诗的理论，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫主义诗歌的宣言。此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲理思维。完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。
威廉·华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）早年受法国革命和启蒙主义思想影响，同情革命和社会改革。后来背离了进步思想，转向保守消极，赞美宗法制和小声残的田园式生活幻想。
他的早期诗作有《黄昏散步》（An Evening Walk,1793）等。一七九八年同柯勒律治合作出版了有名的《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads）。在该书第二版序言中提出废止古辟生涩的诗歌用语，改用通俗生动的民间歌谣和口语词汇的主张，引起诗坛的强烈反响，也招致某些人的谴责。后期作品有《露西》组诗（Lucy Poems,1799）、《不朽颂》（Ode on Intimation of Immortality, 1807），《义务颂》（Deo to Duty,1807）、《远足》（The Excuision,1814）。他的著名长诗《序曲》（The Prelude, 1850）是在诗人死后出版的。
他写过不少意境清新，形象生动，语言质朴的诗篇。他特别擅长歌颂优雅恬静的自然景物，喜爱描绘在大自然中活动的普通人形象，他有不少小诗凝练精妙，形象生动，情趣盎然，因此，华兹华斯有自然诗人之称。他的关于改革诗歌语言和形象塑造的主张是英国诗歌发展史上的一件大事，对英诗形式变革有重要和广泛的影响。
2.华兹华斯诗歌的特点英文版
William “The Interminable”1 Wordsworth(1770-1850)William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth2, Cumberland, the second of five children. His father, John, a lawyer, was very educated and liberal for the time, and encouraged all his children to be the same. William was definitely the wild one of the family, and his sister Dorothy3, a year younger than him, was usually his only ally in the family. The Wordsworth children had a pretty happy childhood4 on the whole, at least until their mother, Ann, died in 1778. William was sent away (I think maybe his father couldn’t handle him very well) to a grammar school some distance away5. William was allowed to run wild, and became quite the young sportsman.When John Wordsworth died in 1783, the outlook for the children became really bleak. Though theoretically John’s estate was worth £10,485, that amount included many debts which people owed him. The largest debt, that owed by John’s employer, the Earl of Lowther, amounted to nearly £5,000 of that sum, and would not be paid to the Wordsworths for 19 years. The kids were foisted on two uncles6 who were very peeved at having to take care of them. They paid for William to go to Cambridge, where he did very well in his first year, but soon realized Cambridge was no place for him7. He chose his own course of studies from then on, and though he did graduate, it wasn’t what you would call a real degree8.After graduation, William wandered aimlessly through France for a time. The country was then in the early, glorious stages of the French Revolution, and William was only one of many Englishmen who were fascinated by its Republican ideals. In the city of Orleans, he met a young woman named Annette Vallon. She was a Royalist and a Roman Catholic, but you can’t fight chemistry. They had an affair and Annette became pregnant. Before the child was born, however, William had to go back to England. He needed to earn money somehow, and in any case, the Revolution was starting to turn into the Terror9. He returned to London with every intention of marrying Annette once things had settled, politically and financially10.He tried to raise money by publishing two poems he’d written, mostly for his own amusement. These were Descriptive Sketches, a very pro-revolutionary piece, and An Evening Walk. They weren’t very good, and sold accordingly. But some saw potential in them, most notably an old school friend of William’s who arranged for a legacy of £900 so William could concentrate on his poetry. William was very grateful for the bequest, and between the income from that and some money he got from another friend (a widower) in exchange for watching the friend’s young son, William and his sister Dorothy were able to live together in a little cottage11. About this time, William met Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey, two young poets who were planning a great socio-political experiment12. Robert and Coleridge soon had a terrible quarrel13, the scheme died, and Coleridge became William’s friend. In 1798, they published a joint volume of poetry called Lyrical Ballads. No one quite knew what to make of it14; it was really nothing like what the reading public was used to. It was Romantic, though at the time everyone called it poetry of the Lake School, since William was froom the Lake District.In 1800, Lyrical Ballads was reworked and a second volume added. William also wrote a preface expounding his theories of what made good poetry15. Two years later, the Wordsworths discovered they were at last to get the money owed to their father. Perhaps because of this, William asked Mary Hutchinson, a friend since childhood, to marry him. After a quick visit to Annette16 to straighten everything out, William and Mary were married in a quiet ceremony17. William, Mary, and Dorothy all lived together in their little cottage.In 1807, William published a two-volume set containing 113 poems18, which was again given a very bad review by everyone who bothered to review it, including Lord Byron, then 19 and just getting started in the business of slamming poetry. William tried to take it all in stride, but it was probably no coincidence that he changed his mind about publishing some long poems he’d just finished. He also started writing more prose, at least partly because Coleridge had recently started a magazine that needed articles. But Coleridge’s growing drug addiction and paranoia soon put a stop to that literary endeavour, and, unfortunately, his friendship with William as well.William’s home life, generally happy, was nearly shattered in 1812. In June of that ye。
3.华兹华斯的抒情风格
他的诗取代了18世纪矫揉造作的诗风，激进派诗人如利·亨特也称他为颂扬大自然的新型诗歌的开创者和领袖.人们认为《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。
关注人类精神在与大自然交流中得到的升华，并且发现这一主题与传统的宗教观实际上并行不悖，因此重新皈依宗教。华兹华斯被授予“桂冠诗人”的称号。
他是浪漫主义的代表，和骚塞、柯勒律治一起被称为“湖畔派”三诗人。他们的诗作或讴歌宗法式的农村生活和自然风景，或描写奇异神秘的故事和异国风光，一般都远离社会斗争题材，常常通过缅怀中古时代的“纯朴”来否定丑恶的城市文明。
同时，他认为“诗是强烈情感的自然流露”因此，他的作品通常与人的情感联系在一起。
4.华兹华斯简介
华兹华斯（1770~1850）英国诗人，与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。
华兹华斯生于律师之家，少孤，就学于剑桥大学，1790年和1791年两次赴法。当时正是法国大革命的年代，年轻的华兹华斯对革命深表同情与向往。
回国后不久，局势剧变，华兹华斯对法国大革命的态度渐趋保守，最后，终于成为安享“桂冠诗人”称号的保守派。 华兹华斯的诗以描写自然风光、田园景色、乡民村姑、少男少女闻名于世。
文笔朴素清新，自然流畅，一反新古典主义平板、典雅的风格，开创了新鲜活泼的浪漫主义诗风。1798年华兹华斯与柯尔律治共同发表的《抒情歌谣集》宣告了浪漫主义新诗的诞生。
华兹华斯在1800年《抒情歌谣集》第二版的序言中详细阐述了浪漫主义新诗的理论，主张以平民的语言抒写平民的事物、思想与感情，被誉为浪漫主义诗歌的宣言。此后，华兹华斯的诗歌在深度与广度方面得到进一步的发展，在描写自然风光、平民事物之中寓有深意，寄托着自我反思和人生探索的哲理思维。
完成于1805年、发表于1850年的长诗《序曲》则是他最具有代表性的作品。 华兹华斯诗才最旺盛的时期是1797至1807年的10年。
其后佳作不多，到1843年被任命为“桂冠诗人”时已经没有什么作品了。然而纵观他的一生，其诗歌成就是突出的，不愧为继莎士比亚、弥尔顿之后的一代大家。
